Unicity

Updating: https://www.ufaw.org.uk/downloads/vaz-supp-data.pdf
Table 1 Summary of published and unpublished research on big cat personality and stress
physiology

Big cat Personality

AuthorSpecies
Sample
Size

OriginMethodology
Factors
discussed







Social
interaction,
Health

(Goswami

et
al

2020)

Asiatic
lion

Captive
Novel object/
Keeper survey

Soc

Inter
action

Wanget al(2019)AmurtigerCaptive
Behavioural
observation/
Keep
er survey

GeneticsHealth
(Boccacino

et
al

2018)
JaguarCaptive
Behavioural
observation

Enviro
nment
,
Health

Kamyk (2017)African lionReintroducedNovel object
Soc
ial

Interaction
Enviro
nment

(Pastoriet Asiatic lionCaptiveKeeper survey
Soc
ial

Interaction
Enviro
nment

Tiger

9

Captive



(Phillipset alCheetahCaptive
Soc
ial

Interaction
Enviro
nment

(Pastorinoet 2017a)TigerCaptiveBehavioural observation/Keeper surveySocialInteractionHealth
(Dunstet alAfrican lion
Novel object/
Behavioural
observation

Soc
ial

Interaction,
Enviro
nment

(Gartneret al
African
lion

CaptiveKeeper survey
Soc
ial

Interaction, Gen
Health

Snow
leopard

Captive(Chadwick CheetahCaptiveBehavioural observation
Soc
ial

Interaction,EnvironmentGenetics
Health

(Baker & Pullen 2013)CheetahCaptive
Novel object/
Behavioural
observation

Soc
ial

Interaction
Enviro
nment

(Gartner &
Po
well 2012)

Snow
leopard

Captive
Keeper survey/
Novel object

Enviro
nment
,
Gen
etics

(Phillips & Peck 2007)Royal Bengal tigerCaptiveKeeper survey
Soc
ial

InteractionEnvironment
Gen
etics

(Wielebnowski 1999)CheetahCaptiveKeeper survey/ Behavioural observation
Soc
ial

Interaction, Environment
Gen
etics


Big cat Stress Physiology

AuthorSpecies
Sample
Size

OriginMethodology
Factors
discussed

(Azevedoet alIberian lynxCaptive, Wild
Hair cortisol &
corticosterone
metabolite EIA

__
(Burstahler

et al

2019)

Canada
lynx


Wild

harvest

Hair cortisol
metabolite
EIA

Environment
(Naidenkoet al
Amur
tiger

WildFaecal cortisol metabolite EIA
Royal
Bengal
tiger

Wild(SgambelluriAfrican lionCaptiveSaliva corticosterone metabolite EIA
Soc
ial

InteractionEnvironmentGenetics
Health

(Websteret alAfrican leopardCaptivWildFaecal cortisol, corticosterone metabolites EIA
Enviro
nmen
t
,
ife Historyand Evolutionary
traits

(Malviyaet al
Royal
Bengal
tiger

WildFaecal cortisol metabolite EIA
Enviro
nment
,

Genetics
Health

(Vazet alRoyal Bengal tigerCaptiveFaecal corticosterone metabolite EIASocialInteractionEnvironmentHealth
Indian
Leopard
Captive
(Ivanov

et al

2017)

Amur
tiger

Captive
Faecal cortisol
metabolite EIA

Environment
(MesaCruzet
Jaguar

--

Wild

Faecal
corticosterone
metabolite RIA

GeneticsHealthPumaWild(Bhattacharjeeet alRoyal Bengal tigerWildFaecal cortisol metabolite EIA
Enviro
nment
,

Life Historyand Evolutionary
traits
,
Health

(Pavlovaet alAmur leopardWildFaecal cortisol metabolite EIA
Soc
ial

InteractionEnvironment
H
ealth

(Parnellet alSumatran tigerCaptiveFaecal cortisol metabolite EIA
Soc
ial

InteractionEnvironmentGenetics
Health

(MesaCruzet JaguarWild
Faecal cortisol
metabolite EIA /corticosterone
metabolite RIA

Environment
(Pribbenowet
Eurasian
lynx
Iberian
lynx

CaptiveFaecal cortisol & corticosterone metabolite EIAEnvironment
(Fanson &
Wielebnowski
2013)

Canada lynxCaptive
Faecal
corticosterone
metabolite EIA

Social
interaction,
Environment

(Ludwiget alCheetahCaptive
Faecal
corticosterone
metabolite EIA

__
(Terwissen

et al

2013)

Canada
lynx

Captive
Hair cortisol
metabolite EIA

Health
(Watsonet al
Amur
leopard

CaptiveFaecal corticosterone metabolite EIA
Amur
tiger

Captive
Cheetah

2

Captive

Snow
leopard

Captive
Sumatran
tiger

Captive(Narayanet al
Sumatran
tiger

CaptiveFaecal cortisol metabolite EIASocialInteraction,EnvironmentHealth
Royal
Bengal
tiger

Captive
(Creel

et al

2013)

African
lion

Wild
Faecal cortisol
metabolite EIA

Soc
ial

Inter
action

(Conforti

et al

2012)

JaguarCaptive
Faecal cortisol
metabolite RIA

Enviro
nment
,
Health

(Fansonet alCanada lynxCaptiveWildFaecal cortisol & corticosterone metabolite EIA
Life history

and Evolutionary
traits

(Burgeneret alSnow leopardCaptiveFaecal cortisol metabolite EIA
Soc
ial

Interaction
Enviro
nment

(Schildkraut African lionCaptiveFaecal and hair corticosterone metabolites EIA
Soc
ial

InteractionEnvironment
Health

(Dembiec

et al

2004)

TigerCaptive
Faecal cortisol
metabolite RIA

Environment
(Younget alheetahCaptive
Faecal cortisol
metabolite EIA/ corticosterone
metabolite RIA

Soc
ial

InteractionEnvironment
Gen
etics

(Terioet alCheetahCaptivWildFaecal cortisol metabolite RIA
Soc
ial

InteractionEnvironment
Health

(Nogueira & Silva 1997)
Jaguar

8

Captive

Blood cortisol metabolite RIAEnvironment
Cougar

13

Captive

(Wildtet al
Cheetah

3

Captive

Blood cortisol metabolite RIAEnvironmentGeneticsHealth
Tiger

7

Captive

Leopard

4

Captive

Puma

3

Captive

(Brownet al
Tiger

3

Captive

Blood cortisol metabolite RIAGenetics
North
Chinese
leopard

Captive(Wildtet alCheetahCaptiveWildBlood cortisol metabolite RIA
Enviro
nment
,
Life Historyand Evolutionary
traits
,
Gen
etics



Big Cat Personality and Stress Physiology

AuthorSpecies
Sample
size

OriginMethodology
Factors
discussed

(Razalet alAfrican cheetahCaptive
Behavioural observation,
Keeper survey / Faecal corticosterone
metabolite RIA

SocialInteraction
(Milleret alCheetahCaptive
Behavioural observation,
Keeper survey / Faecal corticosterone
metabolite RIA

Social Interaction, Environment
(Bertocchiet Amur tigerCaptiveBehavioural observation/ Faecal Cortisol metabolite EIASocialInteractionEnvironment
(TorgersonWhite & Bennett 2014)African lionCaptiveKeeper survey / Faecal corticosterone metabolite RIASocialInteractionEnvironment
(DeCaluwe

et
al

2013)

Clouded
leopard

Captive
Keeper survey / Faecal
cortisol metabolite EIA

Environment
(Wielebnowskiet alClouded leopardCaptive
Keeper survey / Faecal
corticosterone
metabolite RIA

Environmentealth
(Jurkeet alCheetahCaptiveKeeper survey / Faecal cortisol metabolite RIA
Soc
ial

InteractionEnvironment
Gen
etics

*Thesis/ unpublished work; Reintroduced= Reintroduced animals from captivity to wildEIA = Enzyme immunoassay, RIA = Radioimmunoassay